the knights of the cross is a 1900 historical novel written by Polish writer and Nobel laureate Henryk Sienkiewicz.
The novel was written during the partitions of Poland, with Poles living under one of three empires: the German Empire; the Russian Empire; and Austria-Hungary. One of Sienkiewicz's goals in writing The Teutonic Knights was to encourage and strengthen Polish national confidence against the occupying powers.
The history of the actual German Order of the Teutonic Knights, which since the 13th century had controlled parts of the Baltic Sea coast, and its defeat in the 1410 Battle of Grunwald by Poles and Lithuanians serves as the backdrop for the story. The novel also focuses extensively medieval life and customs in both the cities and the country in medieval Poland.
the knights of the cross serialized the book from 1897-1899 before a first complete printed edition appeared in 1900. It has since been translated into 25 languages, and was also the first book to be printed in Poland after the Second World War ended in 1945.
In 1960 the novel was made into a film of the same name by director Aleksander Ford.
The book was originally translated into English by Jeremiah Curtin in 1900, a contemporary of Henryk Sienkiewicz.


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